8 Conclusion
8.1 Results
The thesis project was started with a lot of enthusiasm and quest for knowledge, this quest
lead to the exploration of several existing, but scattered, facts in the field of reflective display.
The first part of the thesis was to make a survey of different technologies behind reflective
displays. Different technologies were examined during the thesis and all the E-paper
technologies encountered are painstakingly and meticulously documented in this report. All
the different E-paper technologies have been thoroughly examined and structurally grouped
according to their technological base (see table 2.2). Some of the E-paper technologies have
come a long way in both performance and empirical use in commercial devices; others are
still in their early stages and, therefore have not made it to any commercial product.
Furthermore, some of the E-paper technologies like Bridgestone and Liquavista have
excellent refresh rate, however, a few of these E-Papers refresh rate needs considerable
improvement. Color capability is the next phase in the E-paper technology and most of the
companies are working towards this goal (section 2.4.8). Presently, owing to its slow refresh
rate and lack of color E-papers are not used as video display. It is worth mentioning though
that, the speed at which the technology is evolving it is believed that in the near future colored
E-paper displays will be able to stream videos and therefore could be in stiff competition with
LCD in this area.
The second part of the thesis was to make a survey of existing E-Reader products and choose
a suitable display platform. A market analysis of all commercial E-paper products was made,
however, the thesis stipulated E-Reader survey, and consequently, much emphasis was
focused on E-Readers. The thesis achieved this goal; all commercially available E-paper
based E-Readers were examined, including the ones that are mere concept products (see
section 3.1). The result is that the earlier E-Readers had a refresh rate of about 1 second, they
crashed easily and they supported only a few file formats (see Appendix A, table 1). At the
end of this part of the thesis electrophoretic based E-paper display technology by E-ink was
chosen as the display to be used for Lundinova’s proposed E-Book. E-ink display was chosen
because it has been used on several products and still being used on new commercial E-paper
products. E-ink display has a good contrast ratio and reflectance (see table2.1) and is also
much more reliable. Although, E-ink display was suggested its typical refresh rate of 500ms
still needs to be improved on.
The last part of the thesis was to “Build an E-Book-Reader Prototype”. The hardware was not
built from the scratch, instead a development Kit was used (see section 7.1). Owing to time
constraints and difficulties in getting the hardware to work only very few functionalities
where implemented in both the Nano-X simulator on the PC and the Development-Kit.
Generally, the thesis results are as follows:
• E-paper technologies were examined and structurally group according to the
material they are made of.
• The market analysis covered most of the E-Readers in the market.
• An E-Book prototype with minimal functionality was built in the simulator.
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